Atomic updates

Atomic update envelopes read and write a column in one database statement. They are useful for balances, counters, retry counts, and flags that may be changed concurrently.

const account = await client.accounts.update({
	where: { id },
	data: {
		balance: { increment: 100 },
		loginCount: { increment: 1 },
		retries: { decrement: 1 },
		locked: { toggle: true },
	},
});

Operators

Numeric columns accept increment, decrement, multiply, divide, and set. Boolean columns accept toggle: true. Direct values remain valid.

Several numeric operators may be combined. Better Drizzle always applies them in this order: set, increment, decrement, multiply, then divide.

await client.accounts.update({
	where: { id },
	data: { balance: { set: 10, increment: 4, multiply: 3 } }, // 42
});

divide: 0, non-finite operands, empty envelopes, and operators used on incompatible columns fail before SQL is sent. NULL and integer-division behavior remain those of the selected database.

Supported writes

Use atomic envelopes in update, updateMany, updateEach, upsert, and upsertMany. In updateEach, return the envelope from the column callback:

await client.accounts.updateEach({
	by: accounts.id,
	data: [{ id: 1, delta: 5 }],
	update: { balance: (row) => ({ increment: row.delta }) },
});

PostgreSQL, SQLite, and MySQL support atomic updates wherever the underlying write API is available. upsertMany itself remains unavailable on MySQL.

Hooks

After an atomic write, post-write hooks receive a readonly compiled object containing the final SET expressions. Plugins still receive the declarative envelope before execution.

const client = better(db, {
	schema,
	hooks: {
		afterUpdate({ compiled }) {
			console.log(compiled);
		},
	},
});